This patient describes a method of boring an arcuate underground pilot bore hole along a predetermined path between two spaced surface locations in a single boring operating of a single constant diameter utilizing a drill bit on a leading drill pipe section of a drill string the method comprising the steps of: advancing the drill string having the drill bit thereon from a surface entrance. The main objectives of this article are to emphasize the importance of using this technique but also to highlight the benefits, in particular by significantly reducing the impact on the marine environment. This is one of the main reasons that construction and operation of offshore wind energy systems has been and continues to be regarded with scepticism by environmental activists, despite the undeniable benefits of this renewable energy source. The installation of submarine pipelines and cables can have negative effects on the marine environment. With the development of the offshore natural gas and wind industry, the demand for the construction of transfer pipeline and cables has also increased. HDD is a technique used to drill a subsea tunnel or under other designated area with the goal to pull a pipe or other facility through the drilled underground tunnel. This article presents the horizontal directional drilling (HDD) as one of the most suitable technique used to reduce the impact on the environment during the submarine pipe and cable installation process, especially in the coastal area and shallow waters. Therefore, it should be used in industrial practice as an alternative to current designing methods. According to the authors, due to natural stress distribution, the catenary method allows the use of smaller pulling forces during installation and ensures longer pipeline life. Applicable formulas and computational algorithms have been given, together with a computational example which enables comparison of the classical design methodology with the new one. Then, the original catenary method is proposed, taking into account natural deflection of casing pipes. A review of the trajectories used so far has been provided, offering calculation algorithms to determine their well path. The aim of this article is to present a new approach in the design of HDD trajectories in two–dimensional space (2D). Horizontal Directional Drilling is one of the most popular trenchless technologies. Therefore, it is necessary to build new pipelines networks using dig and no–dig techniques. Also, in Poland in recent years there has been a significant increase in natural gas consumption. This paper focus on new era for construction sector of underground utilities in India.Īn increase in demand for energy natural resources has stimulated the development of gas pipeline networks in Europe, as well as globally. The main objective is to install such services without using traditional trenching methods, helping to avoid any unnecessary environmental impact and provide added security. " It is currently an efficient, safe, cost effective method for highway bores and is the current industry standard for Trenchless technology for bores between 2 and 48-inch diameters. Traditionally HDD is applied to large scale crossings such as rivers in which a fluid filled pilot hole is drilled without rotating the drill string, and this is then enlarged by a wash over the pipe and back reamer to the size required by the product. Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) is defined as " A steerable system for the installation of pipes, conduits, and cables in a shallow arc using a surfaced launched drilling rig. Horizontal directional drilling (HDD) was pioneered in the United States for an innovative road boring contractor who successfully completed a 183 m river crossing using a modified rod pushing a tool with no steering capability.
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